Meta-analysis of incidence and risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia in patients with lung cancer

Abstract

Objective: To systematically evaluate the incidence and risk factors of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated pneumonia (CIP) in patients with lung cancer. Methods: The literature evaluating the incidence of CIP and its influencing factors in lung cancer patients were searched, in Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), CNKI Database, WanFang Database, VIP Chinese Biomedical Journal Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EBSCOhost, Medline and CINAHL Database from the construction of the library to June 30, 2022. Stata 17.0 software was applied to perform a Meta-analysis of the incidence and risk factors of CIP. Results: A total of 19 articles were included, involving 3 101 patients with lung cancer. The results of Meta-analysis showed that the total incidence of CIP in lung cancer patients was 18% (95%CI:0.14-0.21). Subgroup analysis showed that the incidence of CIP was higher in patients with lung cancer reported in 2021 and 2022, Asian countries and case-control studies. Risk factors included prior chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, prior interstitial pulmonary disease, performance status (PS) score≥2 points and combination therapy. Conclusion: The incidence of CIP is high in lung cancer patients and the occurrence of CIP is affected by many factors. Clinical medical staff should strengthen the identification and screening of risk factors, and intervene early to avoid serious consequences.

Keywords

• lung cancer
• immune checkpoint inhibitors
• pneumonia
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• interstitial pulmonary disease
• performance status score
• meta-analysis