Biomedicines (Jan 2024)

MicroRNAs as Potential Graft Rejection or Tolerance Biomarkers and Their Dilemma in Clinical Routines Behaving like Devilish, Angelic, or Frightening Elements

  • Isabel Legaz,
  • Víctor Jimenez-Coll,
  • Rosana González-López,
  • Marina Fernández-González,
  • María José Alegría-Marcos,
  • José Antonio Galián,
  • Carmen Botella,
  • Rosa Moya-Quiles,
  • Manuel Muro-Pérez,
  • Alfredo Minguela,
  • Santiago Llorente,
  • Manuel Muro

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines12010116
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12, no. 1
p. 116

Abstract

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Allograft rejection is a widespread complication in allograft recipients with chronic kidney disease. Undertreatment of subclinical and clinical rejection and later post-transplant problems are caused by an imperfect understanding of the mechanisms at play and a lack of adequate diagnostic tools. Many different biomarkers have been analyzed and proposed to detect and monitor these crucial events in transplant outcomes. In this sense, microRNAs may help diagnose rejection or tolerance and indicate appropriate treatment, especially in patients with chronic allograft rejection. As key epigenetic regulators of physiological homeostasis, microRNAs have therapeutic potential and may indicate allograft tolerance or rejection. However, more evidence and clinical validation are indispensable before microRNAs are ready for clinical prime time.

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