Chicken Combs and Wattles as Sources of Bioactive Peptides: Optimization of Hydrolysis, Identification by LC-ESI-MS<sup>2</sup> and Bioactivity Assessment
Taliana Bezerra,
Mario Estévez,
José Thalles Lacerda,
Meriellen Dias,
Maria Juliano,
Maria Anita Mendes,
Marcelo Morgano,
Maria Teresa Pacheco,
Marta Madruga
Affiliations
Taliana Bezerra
Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
Mario Estévez
Animal Production and Food Science Department, IPROCAR Research Institute, Avda Ciencias s/n, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
José Thalles Lacerda
Department of Biophysics Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Tres de Maio, 2 andar, São Paulo 100, Brazil
Meriellen Dias
Dempster MS Lab-Chemical Engineering, Department of Polytechnic, School of University of Saõ Paulo, Saõ Paulo Rua do Lago 250, Bloco B 3, Saõ Paulo 05508-080, Brazil
Maria Juliano
Department of Biophysics Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Tres de Maio, 2 andar, São Paulo 100, Brazil
Maria Anita Mendes
Dempster MS Lab-Chemical Engineering, Department of Polytechnic, School of University of Saõ Paulo, Saõ Paulo Rua do Lago 250, Bloco B 3, Saõ Paulo 05508-080, Brazil
Marcelo Morgano
Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Brasil Ave 2880, P.O. Box 139, Campinas 13070-178, Brazil
Maria Teresa Pacheco
Institute of Food Technology (ITAL), Brasil Ave 2880, P.O. Box 139, Campinas 13070-178, Brazil
Marta Madruga
Department of Food Engineering, Technology Centre, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa 58051-900, Brazil
The production of bioactive peptides from organic by-waste materials is in line with current trends devoted to guaranteeing environmental protection and a circular economy. The objectives of this study were i) to optimize the conditions for obtaining bioactive hydrolysates from chicken combs and wattles using Alcalase, ii) to identify the resulting peptides using LC-ESI-MS2 and iii) to evaluate their chelating and antioxidant activities. The hydrolysate obtained using a ratio of enzyme to substrate of 5% (w/w) and 240 min of hydrolysis showed excellent Fe2+ chelating and antioxidant capacities, reducing Fe3+ and inhibiting 2, 2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenz-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radicals. The mapping of ion distribution showed that a high degree of hydrolysis led to the production of peptides with m/z ≤ 400, suggesting low mass peptides or peptides with multiple charge precursor ions. The peptides derived from the proteins of cartilage like Collagen alpha-2(I), Collagen alpha-1(I), Collagen alpha-1(III) and elastin contributed to generation of bioactive compounds. Hydrolysates from chicken waste materials could be regarded as candidates to be used as ingredients to design processed foods with functional properties.
