Advances in Deformable Plate Tectonic Models: 2. Reconstructing the Southern North Atlantic Back Through Time

Abstract

Abstract The offshore rifted margins of the North Atlantic have a spatially complex crustal structure comprised of variable crustal morphologies, continental blocks, and inherited structures. Recently, deformable plate tectonic models have permitted the interplay of plate kinematics and deformation to be assessed throughout the North Atlantic, and elsewhere. In particular, the ability to calculate temporal variations in crustal thickness has provided insight into the kinematic role of continental blocks and their interplay with large and micro‐tectonic plates during the formation of the North Atlantic offshore rifted margins. In this study, the deformable plate modeling workflow introduced in the companion contribution of this study (Part 1) is used to investigate previously published and newly presented deformable plate models of the Newfoundland, Irish, and West Iberian margins. This approach permits the deformation and subsequent crustal thickness evolution within previously recognized continental blocks and sedimentary basins throughout the southern North Atlantic Ocean to be visualized and assessed from 200 Ma to present day. The segmentation of early rift crustal thicknesses calculated by deformable plate models demonstrate strong correlations with the offshore extension of Appalachian and Caledonian terrane boundaries. Thus, our observations suggest that inherited orogenic boundaries potentially play a key role in the early rift crustal structure of sedimentary basins and the partitioning of deformation around and within continental blocks.

Keywords

• pyGPlates
• gravity inversion
• deformable plate models
• rifting
• Orphan Basin: Porcupine Basin