Lethality of Hydroalcoholic Extracts from Fruit Plant Leaves in the Peruvian Jungle

Abstract

Lethality of hydroalcoholic extract from fruit plant leaves in the Peruvian jungle in Artemia salina was evaluated. The type of study was experimental with a control group (K2Cr2O7). The biological material was fruit leaves (Cocos nucifera, Mauritia flexuosa, Theobroma cacao L, Coffea sp, and Musa sp) collected in San Martín Region; Likewise, the phytochemical march to the leaves was carried out to identify their active principles. The Artemia salina eggs were provided by the department of animal physiology of the National University of Trujillo, they were kept under specific conditions such as artificial light, a temperature of 25 ° C and a time of 24 hours, allowing them to mature up to 48 hours. For the preparation of the hydroalcoholic extract it was by the maceration method using 500g of leaves and 500mL of 70° alcohol; for 15 days under stirring, the solution was taken to a vertical rotary evaporator to obtain a dry extract preparing concentrations of 10, 100, 250, 500 and 1000 µg/mL. The sample consisted of 10 larvae for each plant species and concentration, performing the test in triplicate. The LC50 lethality of Artemia salina in the samples was classified as: ?1000 µg/mL. (Non- lethality), 500 ? LC50 = 1000 (Low toxicity), 100 ? LC50 = 500 (Moderate lethality), LC50 ? 100 (High lethality). It was obtained as a result that Mauritia flexuosa and Theobroma cacao L. in concentrations 10, 100 µg/mL present high and moderate lethality.