Microbial organisms and antibiotic sensitivity patterns in patients with catheter-related bloodstream infections at a tertiary hospital

Abstract

This study assessed the microbial agents that cause CRBSIs and their antibiotic resistance patterns among patients with CVC undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (MHD) via CVC, at a tertiary hospital, between September 2021 to April 2022 were assessed in a cross-sectional study. Microbial cultures with respective antibiotic sensitivity patterns were determined for samples taken from blood, catheter insertion sites, catheters’ lumen, and tips. Antibiotic sensitivity patterns were determined using the disc diffusion methods.The culture positivity rate was 32.7% with a CRBSI prevalence rate of 34.2%. 47.1% of the bacteria cultured were Gram positive and 52.9% of the organisms cultured were Gram negative. Among the Gram positives, Coagulase negative Staphylococci (20.6%) was the most cultured organism, and these organisms were highly sensitive to vancomycin. Acinetobacter baumannii (17.6%) was the most common Gram negative organism isolated. All Gram negative organisms were susceptible to amikacin except for one resistant isolate of Acinetobacter baumannii.There is a high rate of antimicrobial resistance among patients on haemodialysis using CVCs. From the antibiogram, vancomycin and amikacin should be used as empiric antibiotics in treating CRBSIs among patients on MHD.

Keywords

• Catheter-related bloodstream infections
• Central venous catheter
• Haemodialysis