Advancing Remote Sensing for Health Monitoring: A Novel Framework for Precise Vital Sign Detection via IR-UWB Radar

Abstract

The impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar is ideally suitable for noncontact monitoring of respiratory rate and heart rate due to its noninvasive nature and high penetration capabilities. This investigation proposes a novel framework using the IR-UWB technology for remote health monitoring. It integrates expectation maximization with the grey wolf optimizer and employs advanced multivariate correlation analysis to improve the accuracy and reliability of vital sign detection. Our approach outperforms mainstream methods, such as the chirp Z-transform and moving target indicator, variational mode decomposition, and multivariate correlation method, in terms of both estimating frequencies and amplitudes. Our work demonstrates outstanding robustness and adaptation to various body orientations via real human body data collection experiments, which promotes noncontact health monitoring for human care.

Keywords

• Frequency and amplitude estimation
• impulse-radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar
• noncontact health monitoring
• remote sensing
• vital sign analytics