Antioxidant and Immune Stimulating Effects of <i>Allium hookeri</i> Extracts in the RAW 264.7 Cells and Immune-Depressed C57BL/6 Mice
Un-Yul Jeong,
Jieun Jung,
Eun-Byeol Lee,
Ji-Hye Choi,
Ji-Su Kim,
Hwan-Hee Jang,
Shin-Young Park,
Sung-Hyen Lee
Affiliations
Un-Yul Jeong
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Jieun Jung
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Eun-Byeol Lee
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Ji-Hye Choi
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Ji-Su Kim
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Hwan-Hee Jang
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Shin-Young Park
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
Sung-Hyen Lee
Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Korea
We investigated the antioxidant and immune-enhancing effects of the extracts from Allium hookeri leaves and roots (AHL and AHR) in in vitro and in vivo models. Their antioxidant effects were determined by total phenolic content (TPC), DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. The immunomodulatory effects were evaluated by nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine concentrations produced from RAW 264.7, and by serum IgA and IgG levels, cytokine levels, and NK cell activities in the immunosuppressed C57BL/6 mice. AHL and AHR extracts improved antioxidant activities and productions of NO and cytokines without cytotoxicity in the RAW 264.7 cells. AHL and AHR groups showed significantly higher serum IgA and IgG levels, Th1 cytokine concentrations, splenocyte proliferations, and NK cell activities than the NC group which was not treated with AHL or AHR extract. AHR extract showed higher values than AHL extract in the factors evaluated in this study. The results show that they have high antioxidant and immunomodulatory effects and can be used as novel potential therapeutic candidates to treat related diseases and to improve public health.