Infection and Drug Resistance (Apr 2023)
The Effects of Holothurin and Caspofungin on the Vaginal Cell Inflammation Parameters of the Rattus norvegicus Strain Post Induction of Candida albicans
Abstract
Sri Handayani,1,2 Nurdiana Nurdiana,3 Sri Winarsih,4 Agustina Tri Endharti5 1Doctoral Program of Medical Science Department, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Indonesia; 2Department of Midwifery of Aisyiyah, Institution of Surakarta University, Surakarta, Province of Middle Java, Indonesia; 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Province of East Java, Indonesia; 4Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Province of East Java, Indonesia; 5Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Brawijaya University, Malang, Province of East Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Sri Handayani, Department of Midwifery of Aisyiyah, Institution of Surakarta University, Surakarta, Middle Java State, 57146, Indonesia, Tel +62 816-4252-588, Email [email protected]: Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a fungus that causes superficial and invasive candidiasis in its host. Caspofungin, has been widely used as a synthetic antifungal, whereas holothurin has been shown to have potential as a natural antifungal. The purpose of this study was to see how holothurin and caspofungin affected the number of C. albicans’s colonies, LDH levels, and the number of inflammatory cells in vagina of Rattus norvegicus.Patients and Methods: Design of this research is using posttest only with control group design with 48 Rattus norvegicus Wistar strains used in this study were divided into six treatment groups. Each group was divided into three-time intervals of 12, 24, and 48 hours. LDH markers were tested using ELISA, inflammatory cells were counted manually, and the number of colonies was calculated using colonymetry before being diluted with NaCl 0.9% and planted in sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA).Results: According to the findings, inflammatory cells in the treatment of holothurin (48-hours) had an OR of 1.68 CI (− 0.79– 4.16) P = 0.09 and caspofungin had an OR of 4.18 CI (1.26– 9.63) P = 0.09. Meanwhile, LDH in the holothurin (48-hour) treatment obtained OR 348, CI (286– 410), P=0.03, and Caspofungin OR 393, CI (277– 508), P=0.03. Colonies were obtained with zero numbers in the holothurin treatment (48 hours) and with Caspofungin OR 393, CI (273– 508) P=0.00.Conclusion: Holothurin and caspofungin administration reduced the number of C. albicans colonies and the number of inflammatory cells (P 0.05), implying that holothurin and caspofungin could prevent C. albicans infection.Keywords: Candida albicans, inflammatory cells and LDH, holothurin, caspofungin
