Nature and Science of Sleep (Jul 2021)

Factors Associated with Depression and Sub-Dimension Symptoms in Adolescent Narcolepsy

  • Yang Y,
  • Li C,
  • Zhao L,
  • Li J,
  • Han F,
  • Xiao F

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 13
pp. 1075 – 1082

Abstract

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Yang Yang,1,* Chenyang Li,2,* Long Zhao,2 Jing Li,2 Fang Han,2 Fulong Xiao3 1Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Neurology and Clinical Psychology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100050, People’s Republic of China; 2Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of General Internal Medicine, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, 100044, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Fang Han; Fulong XiaoPeking University People’s Hospital, No. 11, South Avenue, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail [email protected]; [email protected]: We evaluate the association between depression symptoms, clinical features (disease onset-age, disease duration, sleep-related hallucination), sleepiness, and polysomnography parameters in adolescent narcolepsy type 1 patients.Methods: Eighty-three adolescent narcolepsy type 1 patients were involved in this cross-sectional study. Patients completed questionnaires evaluating depression symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) and sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale). Parameters from polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test were also collected.Results: Patients with depression symptoms (62.7%) have later disease onset-age. Depression symptoms were associated with sleep-related hallucination (OR = 2.75). Six independent variables were associated with sub-dimensional depression symptoms, including sleep latency, sleep efficiency, sleep-related hallucination, Epworth sleepiness scale, disease duration, and disease onset-age.Conclusion: Sleep-related hallucination is associated with total depression symptoms in adolescent narcolepsy. Subjective sleepiness is associated with depressed affect, somatic symptoms, and interpersonal problems. Lower sleep efficiency is associated with a lack of positive affect.Keywords: narcolepsy, adolescents, depression symptoms, hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucination

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