Guangdong nongye kexue (Sep 2023)
Identification of Two Wild Lentinula edodes Strains and Their Biological Characteristics Comparing with the Cultivated Strains
Abstract
【Objective】To identify wild shiitake and compare their biological characteristics with cultivated strains, which provides a theoretical basis for the application of wild germplasm resources.【Method】Wild edible fungi were identified by the morphological characteristics and sequences analysis, their biological characteristics were investigated and compared with the other six cultivated strains.【Result】Two wild strains of edible fungi were identified as Lentinula edodes. All test strains can grow at 15-30 ℃. The mycelium growth rate of LX18 was 2.5-4.7 mm/d at 15-30 ℃, the mycelium growth rate of LX 19 was 0.5~1.6 mm/d at 15-20 ℃ and 2.58~3.08 mm/d at 25~30 ℃, which indicated that the mycelium growth of LX 18 was very strong, and LX 18 was intolerant in low temperatures. Two wild strains (LX18 and LX 19) showed the highest mycelial growth rates at 30 ℃, which were 4.7 and 3.08 mm/d, respectively. But the six cultivated strains showed the highest mycelial growth rate at 25 ℃, from 3.18 to 4.91 mm/d. Therefore, it was concluded that the wild strains were high-temperature tolerant, while those cultivated strains were moderate temperature varieties. The optimal C/N of LX18, LX19, SX60 and L26 was 10/1, the optimal C/N of SX34 and L12 was 30/1, and the optimal C/N of PX08 and L808 was 40/1 and 50/1, respectively. The mycelium growth of SX34, LX18 and LX19 were not affected by C/N, and that of the other strains was influenced by C/N.【Conclusion】LX18 and LX19 are heat-resistant strains, but LX19 is more sensitive to low temperatures. The optimal carbon sources for LX18 and LX19 are sucrose and soluble starch, respectively. Their optimal nitrogen sources are beef extract and peptone, and the optimal C/N is 10/1. In the study, the nutritional requirements and conditions for the growth of wild strains LX18 and LX19 of L. edodes are clarified, and the results provide new materials for breeding new heat-tolerant varieties of L. edodes.
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