Sterns of icebreakers and ice-breaking ships: ice interaction specifics

Abstract

Object and purpose of research: Ice interaction study for the sterns with stern-posts of different shape, including the flow around the hull and formation of «ice shroud» (layer of broken ice pieces adjoining the hull). Materials and methods: Analytical hydrodynamic methods, as well as numerical methods of mathematics. The study was also based on literature and results of tests, both model and full-scale. Main results: This paper suggests the classification of stern shapes that demonstrates the ice to differ significantly from one shape to another, as well as suggests a calculation method to determine the critical distance for washing of broken ice pieces. Conclusion: The paper lays foundations to develop the ice resistance calculation method for a ship moving astern in contin- uous ice.

Keywords

• ice
• stern
• resistance
• icebreaker