Статистика України (Jun 2016)
Statistical Assessment of the Renewable Energy in Ukraine Compared with Advanced Countries
Abstract
Development of renewable energy sources and the increasing share of renewable energy in generation of thermal and electric energy is an important criterion of sustainable development. Renewable energy sources refer to the sources that cannot be exhausted in the process of use. They include solar emission, atmosphere wind, natural flow of water and thermal processes of the Earth. The gross energy consumption in EU countries is expected to include 20% of energy from renewable sources till 2020 and 27% - till 2030, with the expected 20% reduction in the emission of greenhouse gases relative to 1990. Although the target measure of renewable energy generation in Ukraine for 2020 is 11% in the total energy generation, it is far lower than in EU countries. Due to a large share of resource-consuming enterprises in Ukraine the resource capacity of the Ukrainian GDP is twice higher than in the U.S., and thrice higher than in Germany or Japan. Data about the dynamics of energy generation from renewable sources in Ukraine in comparison with Spain, Germany, Italy, the U. S. and other countries are given. While the capacities of renewable energy sources in Ukraine have been gradually increasing, energy generation from these sources did not have similar tendency. In 2013 Ukraine generated 15.8 TW of electricity given the total capacity of 6.5 HW, whereas in 2014 10.3 TW was generated given the total capacity of 7.1 GW. Coefficients of correlation between energy generation from renewable sources, total energy generation and per capital GDP are calculated for Ukraine, Germany and the U.S. Decreasing costs of technologies, competition at the market of renewable energy sources, increasing direct investment, especially in solar and wind energy sectors, has restructured not only generation and use of thermal and electric energy, but also GDP. The analyzed data show that in developed countries there has been close correlation between the populations’ well-off and the renewable energy generation. This correlation is largely a result of high tech systems for energy generation, transmission and consumption and far lower share of resource-consuming technologies in the economic structure of these countries. The calculated coefficients can be used for comparative analysis of the renewable energy generation and macroeconomic performance.
