The Effect of Dimethyl Sulfoxide on Embryogenesis and Green Plant Regeneration in Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.) Anther Culture

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) on microspore embryogenesis and green plant regeneration in wheat anther culture. Five culture media, as well as the inclusion of 1% DMSO in the surface disinfection solution, were investigated in three winter wheat genotypes. Our results showed that the Altındane genotype produced the highest number of embryoids, 215 per 100 anthers cultured in CHB-3 medium, whereas the Dariel and Pehlivan genotypes produced 6.6 and 0 embryoids, respectively, from 100 anthers cultured. On the other hand, the addition of 1% DMSO to the same medium adversely affected embryoid production compared to the medium without DMSO. A 70% ethanol solution with 1% DMSO for the surface disinfection of spikes was effective in increasing the embryoids from approximately 0 to 17.8% and from 1 to 48.4% in CHB-3 + 1%DMSO and CHB-3 medium, respectively. Furthermore, the Altındane genotype produced 22.2 plantlets/100 anthers (17.7 albino and 4.4 green plants) and 17.7 albino plantlets per 100 anthers in CHB-3 and CHB-3 + DMSO, respectively. Our results suggested that the inclusion of 1% DMSO in the disinfection solution increased the number of embryoids without supporting the production of green plants.

Keywords

• dimethyl sulfoxide
• doubled haploid
• embryogenesis
• <i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.
• wheat