Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Jun 2005)
Asociación entre la cervicometría y el parto prematuro en pacientes con sospecha de trabajo de parto pretérmino inicial Associating measuring cervical length with preterm birth amongst hospitalized women diagnosed with threatened preterm labour
Abstract
Objetivo: determinar en gestantes que fueron hospitalizadas con diagnóstico clínico de trabajo de parto pretérmino (TPP) inicial, embarazo único entre las 20 y 36 semanas de gestación y membranas íntegras, la asociación de la cervicometría y otros factores de riesgo, con el parto prematuro por TPP idiopático en nuestra comunidad. Metodología: estudio observacional analítico de tipo cohorte prospectiva realizado en los servicios de obstetricia de tres instituciones en el área metropolitana de Medellín, durante los meses de enero a junio de 2004. Las pacientes fueron divididas en dos grupos: el primero con cervicometría positiva (longitud cervical Objective: assessing the accuracy of measuring cervical length when predicting preterm birth amongst a population of hospitalised women diagnosed with threatened preterm labour (initial preterm labour), single pregnancy and intact foetal membranes. Method: a prospective cohort study was carried out of the obstetrics services of three institutions from Medellín between January and June 2004. The sample size was estimated with a 0.05 alpha, 80% power, 2.5% preterm birth incidence in the unexposed group and 6.0 relative risk. There were 76 patients in two groups (152 patients in all). The first group of 76 patients had a positive cervical length (less than 30 mm cervical length). The second group had a negative cervical length (cervical length of more than 30 mm). Results: 156 hospital charts were reviewed; 22 were excluded because they did not contain information regarding final gestation outcome. 53 out of the remaining 134 charts presented a positive cervical length (less than 30 mm) and 81 had negative cervical length (more than 30 mm). Bivariable analysis of the main final outcome (preterm birth) revealed that the only statistically significant outcomes were having a cervical length of less than 30 mm and vaginal infection (p < 0.05). The only statistically significant outcome (when using multivariable analysis) was having a cervical length of less than 30 mm (11.1 OR, 4.55-27.05 95% CI). Conclusions: cervical length of less than 30 mm was a risk predictor in the study population for preterm labour in patients diagnosed with initial preterm labour.
