Production of β-Lactamase Inhibitors by Streptomyces Species
Daniela de Araújo Viana Marques,
Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado,
Valéria Carvalho Santos Ebinuma,
Carolina de Albuquerque Lima Duarte,
Attilio Converti,
Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto
Affiliations
Daniela de Araújo Viana Marques
Campus Serra Talhada, University of Pernambuco, Avenida Custódio Conrado, 600, AABB, Serra Talhada, Pernambuco 56912-550, Brazil
Suellen Emilliany Feitosa Machado
Department of Antibiotics, Federal University of Pernambuco, Avenida da Engenharia, 2° andar, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco 50740-600, Brazil
Valéria Carvalho Santos Ebinuma
Department of Bioprocesses and Biotechnology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rodovia Araraquara-Jaú/Km 01, Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil
Carolina de Albuquerque Lima Duarte
Campus Garanhuns, University of Pernambuco, Rua Capitão Pedro Rodrigues, 105, São José, Garanhuns, Pernambuco 55295-110, Brazil
Attilio Converti
Department of Civil, Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Chemical Pole, University of Genoa, Via Opera Pia 15, 16145 Genoa, Italy
Ana Lúcia Figueiredo Porto
Department of Morphology and Animal Physiology, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, Recife, Pernambuco 52171-900, Brazil
β-Lactamase inhibitors have emerged as an effective alternative to reduce the effects of resistance against β-lactam antibiotics. The Streptomyces genus is known for being an exceptional natural source of antimicrobials and β-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid, which is largely applied in clinical practice. To protect against the increasing prevalence of multidrug-resistant bacterial strains, new antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors need to be discovered and developed. This review will cover an update about the main β-lactamase inhibitors producers belonging to the Streptomyces genus; advanced methods, such as genetic and metabolic engineering, to enhance inhibitor production compared with wild-type strains; and fermentation and purification processes. Moreover, clinical practice and commercial issues are discussed. The commitment of companies and governments to develop innovative strategies and methods to improve the access to new, efficient, and potentially cost-effective microbial products to combat the antimicrobial resistance is also highlighted.
