Assessing the deteriorating water quality in wards of Jaipur city through GIS interpolation

Abstract

Poor management of water sources is one of the major challenge for developing nations to provide safe water to increasing population. The Central Ground Water Board, India 2019 reports that all 13 zones of Jaipur city are in the dark zone. Dark zones are those area where the ground water exploitation is extremely high and are notified for protection by the State Government. With a population of 4.1 million, Jaipur city has a water demand deficit of around 125 MLD with dependence on ground water is increasing tremendously. The city's water table has gone down 25 metres in the last decade. Higher concentrations of fluoride, nitrate, and total dissolved solids, is a common problem in the city's ground water. Presently the city gets its water from Bisalpur dam which is 120 km away, proved to be a very costly arrangement. This paper analyses the various contaminants present in ground water. A detailed survey and data collection was done, which was further analysed through GIS spatial distribution, predicting the concentration in all 91 wards of the city. Results show that some wards are at a critical point in terms of deteriorating water quality to be addressed by city planners and urban local bodies. HIGHLIGHTS Growing urban population in developing countries.; Poor management of existing water sources and depletion of water table.; High fluoride, nitrate TDS is a common ground water problem.; Distribution of drinking water through a costly arrangement.; GIS interpolation to ascertain various quality parameters at each ward, a guidance factor for city planners.;

Keywords

• dental fluorosis, fluoride
• gis
• infant mortality
• nitrate
• tds