Earth, Planets and Space (Dec 2021)
Surface environment of Phobos and Phobos simulant UTPS
- Hideaki Miyamoto,
- Takafumi Niihara,
- Koji Wada,
- Kazunori Ogawa,
- Hiroki Senshu,
- Patrick Michel,
- Hiroshi Kikuchi,
- Ryodo Hemmi,
- Tomoki Nakamura,
- Akiko M. Nakamura,
- Naoyuki Hirata,
- Sho Sasaki,
- Erik Asphaug,
- Daniel T. Britt,
- Paul A. Abell,
- Ronald-Louis Ballouz,
- Olivier S. Banouin,
- Nicola Baresi,
- Maria A. Barucci,
- Jens Biele,
- Matthias Grott,
- Hideitsu Hino,
- Peng K. Hong,
- Takane Imada,
- Shingo Kameda,
- Makito Kobayashi,
- Guy Libourel,
- Katsuro Mogi,
- Naomi Murdoch,
- Yuki Nishio,
- Shogo Okamoto,
- Yuichiro Ota,
- Masatsugu Otsuki,
- Katharina A. Otto,
- Naoya Sakatani,
- Yuta Shimizu,
- Tomohiro Takemura,
- Naoki Terada,
- Masafumi Tsukamoto,
- Tomohiro Usui,
- Konrad Willner
Affiliations
- Hideaki Miyamoto
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Takafumi Niihara
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Koji Wada
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology
- Kazunori Ogawa
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Hiroki Senshu
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology
- Patrick Michel
- Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange
- Hiroshi Kikuchi
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Ryodo Hemmi
- University Museum, University of Tokyo
- Tomoki Nakamura
- Department of Earth Science, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
- Akiko M. Nakamura
- Department of Planetology, Kobe University
- Naoyuki Hirata
- Department of Planetology, Kobe University
- Sho Sasaki
- Department of Earth and Space Science, Osaka University
- Erik Asphaug
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona
- Daniel T. Britt
- Department of Physics, University of Central Florida
- Paul A. Abell
- Astromaterials Research and Exploration Science, NASA Johnson Space Center
- Ronald-Louis Ballouz
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona
- Olivier S. Banouin
- The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
- Nicola Baresi
- University of Surrey
- Maria A. Barucci
- LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université de Paris
- Jens Biele
- German Aerospace Center
- Matthias Grott
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research
- Hideitsu Hino
- The Institute of Statistical Mathematics
- Peng K. Hong
- Planetary Exploration Research Center, Chiba Institute of Technology
- Takane Imada
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Shingo Kameda
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Makito Kobayashi
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo
- Guy Libourel
- Université Côte d’Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur, CNRS, Laboratoire Lagrange
- Katsuro Mogi
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Naomi Murdoch
- Institut Supérieur de l’Aéronautique et de l’Espace (ISAE-SUPAERO), Université de Toulouse
- Yuki Nishio
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Shogo Okamoto
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Yuichiro Ota
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Masatsugu Otsuki
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Katharina A. Otto
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research
- Naoya Sakatani
- College of Science, Rikkyo University
- Yuta Shimizu
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Tomohiro Takemura
- Department of Systems Innovation, University of Tokyo
- Naoki Terada
- Department of Geophysics, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University
- Masafumi Tsukamoto
- Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo
- Tomohiro Usui
- Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency
- Konrad Willner
- German Aerospace Center (DLR), Institute of Planetary Research
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-021-01406-3
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 73,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 17
Abstract
Abstract The Martian Moons eXploration (MMX) mission will study the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos, Mars, and their environments. The mission scenario includes both landing on the surface of Phobos to collect samples and deploying a small rover for in situ observations. Engineering safeties and scientific planning for these operations require appropriate evaluations of the surface environment of Phobos. Thus, the mission team organized the Landing Operation Working Team (LOWT) and Surface Science and Geology Sub-Science Team (SSG-SST), whose view of the Phobos environment is summarized in this paper. While orbital and large-scale characteristics of Phobos are relatively well known, characteristics of the surface regolith, including the particle size-distributions, the packing density, and the mechanical properties, are difficult to constrain. Therefore, we developed several types of simulated soil materials (simulant), such as UTPS-TB (University of Tokyo Phobos Simulant, Tagish Lake based), UTPS-IB (Impact-hypothesis based), and UTPS-S (Simpler version) for engineering and scientific evaluation experiments.
Keywords
