Microbial and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Microbiota in Common Carps (<i>Cyprinus carpio</i>) from Aquacultured and Wild Fish Populations
Modestas Ruzauskas,
Julija Armalytė,
Eglė Lastauskienė,
Rita Šiugždinienė,
Irena Klimienė,
Raimundas Mockeliūnas,
Elena Bartkienė
Affiliations
Modestas Ruzauskas
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Julija Armalytė
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Eglė Lastauskienė
Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Sauletekio 7, LT-10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
Rita Šiugždinienė
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Irena Klimienė
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Raimundas Mockeliūnas
Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
Elena Bartkienė
Institute of Animal Rearing Technologies, Faculty of Animals Sciences, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Mickevičiaus 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
In this study we analyzed differences in microbial composition and antimicrobial resistance profiles in common carp living in two different environments: fish ponds, where carp have been kept under the same growing conditions over the last 50 years, and from the wild. The results demonstrated that wild fish carry a great variety of bacterial species (448 species with a prevalence of at least 0.01% from the total number of reads). Aquacultured individuals harbored 2.56 times fewer species in their gut. Significant microbial differences were observed in all taxonomic ranks, including bacterial classes and phyla. Besides bacterial variety, it was determined that aquacultured fish harbored more bacteria that are considered pathogens or opportunistic pathogens, such as Moraxellaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, and Staphylococcaceae. The frequency of antimicrobial resistance in bacterial indicators was more common in aquacultured fish than in wild fish, therefore fish farming may be a potential source of environmental contamination with antimicrobial resistant bacteria.
