RESEARCHES OF EPIDEMIC AND EPISOOTIC SITUATION IN UKRAINE ON BOTULISM

Abstract

The media are worried, cases of poisoning people with botulism have become more frequent. The article describes the analysis of the results research food products, feed for animals, pathological material from animals, carried out by the state laboratories of veterinary medicine for the presence of a pathogen of botulism and botulinum toxin in the 2014 - 2018 years in Ukraine. Goal: to study the epidemic and epizootic situations of the spread of botulism among people and animals, to identify the causative agent of botulism and botulinum toxin in food and animal feed in Ukraine for the period from 2014 to 2018, staging a bioassay with the subsequent determination of the type of toxin; as well as establishing the source of the pathogen and the causes of botulinum toxin infection. Materials and methods. Results of the annual state statistical reporting on microbiological research carried out by the state laboratories of veterinary medicine of Ukraine and the results of their own research obtained by the bacteriological department of the State Research Institute for Laboratory Diagnosis and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise in the period from 2014 to 2018. Results. For 5 years 645 people have suffered from botulism. Died 46, which is 7.1 % of the total number of patients. For 5 years, the state laboratories of veterinary medicine examined 9954 samples which is 23.2 % of the total amount of investigated material, and pathological material 635 samples that made 6,4 %, respectively. 7 positive results were obtained. According to conducted research Cl.botulinum most oŌen isolated from stockfish. Conclusions. Due to the increasing number of fatalities among the population of Ukraine, the issue of botulism is becoming more urgent. Over the past 5 years, 645 people have been diagnosed with botulism, 46 of which have been fatal, accounting for 7.1 % of the total number of patients. The source of infection can be home-produced and industrial-grade food. The analysis of the study material for the period 2014 - 2018 revealed 7 positive cases of botulism and butulinic toxin. There is a need to introduce systematic controls on food and feed produced by small businesses.

Keywords

• cl. botulinum
• botulinum toxin
• toxic infection
• food
• pathological material