Frontiers in Microbiology (Sep 2022)

Dissemination and prevalence of plasmid-mediated high-level tigecycline resistance gene tet (X4)

  • Shaqiu Zhang,
  • Shaqiu Zhang,
  • Shaqiu Zhang,
  • Jinfeng Wen,
  • Yuwei Wang,
  • Mingshu Wang,
  • Mingshu Wang,
  • Mingshu Wang,
  • Renyong Jia,
  • Renyong Jia,
  • Renyong Jia,
  • Shun Chen,
  • Shun Chen,
  • Shun Chen,
  • Mafeng Liu,
  • Mafeng Liu,
  • Mafeng Liu,
  • Dekang Zhu,
  • Dekang Zhu,
  • Xinxin Zhao,
  • Xinxin Zhao,
  • Xinxin Zhao,
  • Ying Wu,
  • Ying Wu,
  • Ying Wu,
  • Qiao Yang,
  • Qiao Yang,
  • Qiao Yang,
  • Juan Huang,
  • Juan Huang,
  • Juan Huang,
  • Xumin Ou,
  • Xumin Ou,
  • Xumin Ou,
  • Sai Mao,
  • Sai Mao,
  • Sai Mao,
  • Qun Gao,
  • Qun Gao,
  • Qun Gao,
  • Di Sun,
  • Di Sun,
  • Di Sun,
  • Bin Tian,
  • Bin Tian,
  • Bin Tian,
  • Anchun Cheng,
  • Anchun Cheng,
  • Anchun Cheng

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2022.969769
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13

Abstract

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With the large-scale use of antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) continue to rise, and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are regarded as emerging environmental pollutants. The new tetracycline-class antibiotic, tigecycline is the last resort for treating multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Plasmid-mediated horizontal transfer enables the sharing of genetic information among different bacteria. The tigecycline resistance gene tet(X) threatens the efficacy of tigecycline, and the adjacent ISCR2 or IS26 are often detected upstream and downstream of the tet(X) gene, which may play a crucial driving role in the transmission of the tet(X) gene. Since the first discovery of the plasmid-mediated high-level tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in China in 2019, the tet(X) genes, especially tet(X4), have been reported within various reservoirs worldwide, such as ducks, geese, migratory birds, chickens, pigs, cattle, aquatic animals, agricultural field, meat, and humans. Further, our current researches also mentioned viruses as novel environmental reservoirs of antibiotic resistance, which will probably become a focus of studying the transmission of ARGs. Overall, this article mainly aims to discuss the current status of plasmid-mediated transmission of different tet(X) genes, in particular tet(X4), as environmental pollutants, which will risk to public health for the “One Health” concept.

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