Self-Care Practice and Associated Factors Among Individuals with Diabetes Mellitus in Northeast Ethiopia

Abstract

Sine Zewde Gebre,1 Betregiorgis Zegeye,2 Mitku Mammo Taderegew3 1Emergency Department, Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia; 2HaSET Maternal and Child Health Research Program, Shewarobit Field Office, Shewarobit, Ethiopia; 3Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, Wolkite, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Mitku Mammo TaderegewDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Wolkite University, P.O. Box 07, Wolkite, EthiopiaEmail [email protected]: Self-care practices in diabetes patients are crucial to keep the illness under managed and prevent complications. Despite this, relatively little information is available regarding the level of self-care practice and associated factors among individuals with diabetes mellitus in the study area. Therefore, this study aimed to assess self-care practice and its associated factors among individuals with diabetes mellitus in Deber Berhan referral hospital, Northeast Ethiopia.Patients and Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 405 diabetes mellitus patients from May 1 to June 30, 2020. The data were collected using a pre-tested structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi-data manager version 4.4.1.0 and finally exported into SPSS-24 software for analysis. To identify the predictor of self-care practice, binary logistic regression analysis was done. The result of the analysis was presented in a crude and adjusted odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals. All tests were two-sided, and P ˂ 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: About 181 (44.7%) of participants had good self-care practice. On a multivariate logistic regression analysis, educational status of the participants (with no formal education (AOR=0.12, 95% CI: 0.03– 0.42), can read and write (AOR=0.23, 95% CI: 0.07– 0.75), and secondary school (AOR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.09– 0.88)), type 1 DM (AOR=0.27, 95% CI: 0.09– 0.79), family history of DM (AOR=3.71, 95% CI: 1.37– 10.07), and treatment satisfaction (AOR=4.41, 95% CI: 1.52– 8.59) were significantly associated with self-care practice.Conclusion: More than half of the respondents had poor self-care practices. Educational status, types of DM, family history of DM, and treatment satisfaction were the predictors of self-care practices among individuals with DM.Keywords: self-care practices, diabetes mellitus, associated factors, Ethiopia

Keywords

• self-care practices
• diabetes mellitus
• associated factors
• ethiopia