Intraoperative Assessment of High-Risk Thyroid Nodules Based on Electrical Impedance Measurements: A Feasibility Study
Jalil Beheshti Firoozabadi,
Reihane Mahdavi,
Khosro Shamsi,
Hossein Ataee,
Abdollah Shafiee,
Hojat Ebrahiminik,
Hossein Chegini,
Parisa Hoseinpour,
Afshin Moradi,
Narges Yousefpour,
Faeze Aghaei,
Ali Fardoost,
Alireza Ghelichli,
Hadi Mokhtari Dowlatabad,
Farzane Hajighasemi,
Nafiseh Sami,
Seyed Rouhollah Miri,
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari,
Mohammad Abdolahad
Affiliations
Jalil Beheshti Firoozabadi
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Reihane Mahdavi
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Khosro Shamsi
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Hossein Ataee
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Abdollah Shafiee
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Hojat Ebrahiminik
Department of Internentional Radiology and Radiation Sciences Research Center, Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14117-18541, Iran
Hossein Chegini
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Parisa Hoseinpour
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Afshin Moradi
Department of Pathology, Shohada Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Narges Yousefpour
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Faeze Aghaei
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Ali Fardoost
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Alireza Ghelichli
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Hadi Mokhtari Dowlatabad
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Farzane Hajighasemi
Nano Bioelectronics Devices Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran 14399-57131, Iran
Nafiseh Sami
Department of Medicine, Islamic Azad University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19395-1495, Iran
Seyed Rouhollah Miri
Cancer Electronics Research Center, University of Tehran and Tehran University of Medical Sciences Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran 14197-33141, Iran
Mohammad Esmaeil Akbari
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Mohammad Abdolahad
Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14166-34793, Iran
Precise diagnosis of thyroid nodules is challenging due to non-diagnostic/inconclusive results and uncertainties about the malignancy of follicular neoplasms (FNs), even in frozen-section pathology. Therefore, surgical management, especially in Bethesda III and IV categories, may be complicated, and sometimes a second surgery may be required. The Thyroid Nodule Impedance Measurement System (TN-IMS) consists of a metallic patch attached to submental skin and a G20 I.V. cannula inserted into the targeted nodules. Two impedance-based parameters named Z1kHz and impedance phase slope (IPS) in 100 kHz to 500 kHz of the thyroid nodules are recorded and compared with their histopathological results as the gold standard. TN-IMS was intra-surgically applied to 103 human thyroid nodules and normal thyroid tissues. A remarkable consistency between defined co-ranges of Z1kHz/IPS and the histopathological status of specimens was achieved (p < 0.001). Based on these measurements, it was concluded that intraoperative bioelectrical impedance scanning of thyroid nodules would be a helpful complementary approach to detecting high-risk excision-required thyroid nodules.
