Vascular Health and Risk Management (Sep 2021)
The Main Causes and Mechanisms of Increase in Cardiac Troponin Concentrations Other Than Acute Myocardial Infarction (Part 1): Physical Exertion, Inflammatory Heart Disease, Pulmonary Embolism, Renal Failure, Sepsis
Abstract
Aleksey Chauin1,2 1Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443099, Russia; 2Department of Histology and Embryology, Samara State Medical University, Samara, 443099, RussiaCorrespondence: Aleksey ChauinDepartment of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Histology and Embryology Samara State Medical University, 89 Chapaevskaya Street, Samara Region, Samara, 443099, RussiaTel +7 927 770-25-87Email [email protected]: The causes and mechanisms of increased cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT and cTnI) concentrations are numerous and are not limited to acute myocardial infarction (AMI) (ischemic necrosis of cardiac myocytes). Any type of reversible or irreversible cardiomyocyte injury can result in elevated serum cTnT and cTnI levels. Researchers and practitioners involved in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease, including AMI, should know the key causes and mechanisms of elevated serum cTnT and cTnI levels. This will allow to reduce or completely avoid diagnostic errors and help to choose the most correct tactics for further patient management. The purpose of this article is to discuss the main causes and mechanisms of increase in cardiac troponins concentrations in frequently occurring physiological (physical exertion, psycho-emotional stress) and pathological conditions (inflammatory heart disease, pulmonary embolism, chronic renal failure and sepsis (systemic inflammatory response)) not related to myocardial infarction.Keywords: diagnostics, differential diagnosis, causes of increased concentration, mechanisms of increase, cardiac troponins, troponin T, troponin I, acute myocardial infarction, physical activity, psycho-emotional stress, myocarditis, endocarditis, pericarditis, sepsis, pulmonary embolism, chronic renal failure
