Conventional and advanced detection techniques of foodborne pathogens: A comprehensive review
Meera Probha Kabiraz,
Priyanka Rani Majumdar,
M.M. Chayan Mahmud,
Shuva Bhowmik,
Azam Ali
Affiliations
Meera Probha Kabiraz
Department of Biotechnology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
Priyanka Rani Majumdar
School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, NSW, 2052, Australia; Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
M.M. Chayan Mahmud
CASS Food Research Centre, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, VIC, 3125, Australia
Shuva Bhowmik
Department of Fisheries and Marine Science, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh; Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Corresponding author. Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
Azam Ali
Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Division of Health Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand; Corresponding author.
Foodborne pathogens are a major public health concern and have a significant economic impact globally. From harvesting to consumption stages, food is generally contaminated by viruses, parasites, and bacteria, which causes foodborne diseases such as hemorrhagic colitis, hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), typhoid, acute, gastroenteritis, diarrhea, and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP). Hence, early detection of foodborne pathogenic microbes is essential to ensure a safe food supply and to prevent foodborne diseases. The identification of foodborne pathogens is associated with conventional (e.g., culture-based, biochemical test-based, immunological-based, and nucleic acid-based methods) and advances (e.g., hybridization-based, array-based, spectroscopy-based, and biosensor-based process) techniques. For industrial food applications, detection methods could meet parameters such as accuracy level, efficiency, quickness, specificity, sensitivity, and non-labor intensive. This review provides an overview of conventional and advanced techniques used to detect foodborne pathogens over the years. Therefore, the scientific community, policymakers, and food and agriculture industries can choose an appropriate method for better results.
