Imaging perivascular space structure and function using brain MRI
Giuseppe Barisano,
Kirsten M. Lynch,
Francesca Sibilia,
Haoyu Lan,
Nien-Chu Shih,
Farshid Sepehrband,
Jeiran Choupan
Affiliations
Giuseppe Barisano
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA.
Kirsten M. Lynch
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Francesca Sibilia
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Haoyu Lan
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA; Neuroscience Graduate Program, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Nien-Chu Shih
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Farshid Sepehrband
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
Jeiran Choupan
Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, USC Mark and Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, USA
In this article, we provide an overview of current neuroimaging methods for studying perivascular spaces (PVS) in humans using brain MRI. In recent years, an increasing number of studies highlighted the role of PVS in cerebrospinal/interstial fluid circulation and clearance of cerebral waste products and their association with neurological diseases. Novel strategies and techniques have been introduced to improve the quantification of PVS and to investigate their function and morphological features in physiological and pathological conditions. After a brief introduction on the anatomy and physiology of PVS, we examine the latest technological developments to quantitatively analyze the structure and function of PVS in humans with MRI. We describe the applications, advantages, and limitations of these methods, providing guidance and suggestions on the acquisition protocols and analysis techniques that can be applied to study PVS in vivo. Finally, we review the human neuroimaging studies on PVS across the normative lifespan and in the context of neurological disorders.
