Algorithm for constructing an organizational and technological model for dismantling NPP buildings

Abstract

In coming decade the practical implementation of work on the decommissioning of nuclear power plants will begin. Failure to take into account the decommissioning stage for NPPs of the first generations, the presence of a radiation component in the building structures of NPP buildings and structures, the need to destroy protective barriers are the main problems in the issue of dismantling works. The destruction of barriers and the specifics of dismantling technological processes can lead to the release of radioactivity into the environment, which will lead to an increase in the radiation load on personnel and the population. Radioactive contamination of structures leads to the formation of a large volume of radioactive waste, the amount of which can be significantly reduced due to the competent separation of waste into classes, taking into account the holding time. In this study the design of the reactor building for unit 1 of the Novovoronezh NPP was considered. Based on the analysis of the data of the comprehensive engineering and radiation surveys (CERS), which was completed in 2004, a classification of buildings into three groups was proposed. Based on the results of CERS, the dependences of the total activity of the main radionuclides and the cost of maintaining the block under observation from time are presented. As a result of the performed studies, an algorithm for constructing an organizational and technological model for dismantling buildings and structures of NPP that are being decommissioned is proposed.