THE FUNCTIONING OF THE SPATIAL POSTPOSITIONAL NAMES IN KARACHAY-BALKAR NART EPOS

Abstract

This article deals with the functioning of postpositional names in the texts of the Karachay-Balkar Nart epic from the binary oppositions point of view. Binary oppositions make it possible to most accurately describe abstract entities, and also are capable of explicating antonymous characteristics in units of the secondary nomination (close-far, etc.). In the Karachay-Balkar Nart epic, the texts are subject to both «horizontal rhythm» and «vertical rhythm». For the analysis of vertical and horizontal space, the main ones are the opposition top – bottom «bash – tup», front – back «al – art», right – left «ong – sol», which belong to the spatial vocabulary and denote space vertically and horizontally, and express theabstract relations of individual parts of space. Also for the description of space is used the opposition internal – external «ich – tysh», which includes opposing oneself – alien, close - distant, opened - closed. The spatial horizon is also depicted in the system of location of objects on the surface of the earth, where the flat, flat thinking of a person is reflected. For an epic text, the relevant perception of space with the actualization of the concept of «middle» is relevant, the representations of which are promoted by ara acronym «middle, middle part of something; center, a place of concentration, an important way of doing something; distance (space), separating two objects and orta «middle of something». In the linguistic consciousness of Karachays and Balkarians, the middle space is a sacred center with a sacral function, man-made, cultivated, enclosed, closed and thus protected from penetration of the external.

Keywords

• karachay-balkar language
• nart epic
• space
• opposition
• representation
• binary oppositions
• postpositional combinations