Extramedullary Anaplastic Plasmacytoma of the Bladder: A Case Report and Current Literature Review

Abstract

Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) can be found in any organ as a primary tumor or as part of multiple myeloma (MM). It mostly affects the head and neck region, upper respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract. Bladder is one of the organs in which EMP is rarely seen. In this case, we reported a patient with a history of MM developed recurrence in the form of plasmacytomas in the bone and the bladder without bone marrow involvement after bone marrow transplantation. This recurrence has been reported as anaplastic plasmacytoma (AP) which is a rare variant of plasmacytoma. It is important to make a differential diagnosis of this subtype, which is very similar immunohistochemically with plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) and responds poorly to treatment. This distinction is often made clinically. In this case, the pathological diagnosis of tumor in the urinary bladder was accepted as AP due to the absence of HIV and EBV infections and the presence of MM history. Immunotherapy was started for the patient who responded poorly to chemotherapy, but the recurrence of mass in the bladder was observed. Our case report is important in terms of its rare presentation in the bladder and aggressive character.

Keywords

• extramedullary plasmacytoma
• plasmablastic lymphoma
• bladder cancer
• multiple myeloma