The Factors Effecting Mortality in Emergency and Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancers (CRC) are amongst the mostly commonly encountered cancers. The symptoms associated with CRCs depend on the tumour localization, stage and complications during diagnosis. Here we aimed to investigate the mortality rates of elective and emergent cases and to reveal factors affecting mortality. METHODS: Patients that had undergone surgery after being diagnosed as CRC were sorted into two groups: group one (emergency cases) and group two (elective cases). Groups were compared in terms of gender, comorbid diseases, liver metastases, anastomotic leaks, tumoural colon segments, mortality rates, perioperative urea, creatinine and haemoglobine values. RESULTS: The mean age of the 308 patients was 62.4 ± 11.9 and the male/female ratio was 1.4. Fifty-three patients were operated emergently. Two-hundred-sixteen patients had tumours located on the rectosigmoid junction. Seventeen patients had mortality on early postoperative 30 day. Mean age, mortality rate and liver metastases were higher in group 1 (p: 0.037, p: 0.007 ve p<0.001) than in group two. Elective cases who had mortality had higher mean age, liver metastase rate, preoperative and postoperative urea and creatinine rates than living elective cases (p: 0.003; p<0.001; p: 0.003; p: 0.002 and p: 0.044). Emergent cases who had mortality had higher postoperative creatine values and postoperative pulmonary embolism rates (p: 0.040 and p: 0.013) than living emergent cases. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Emergent cases who had have higher creatinine values and who had have pulmonary embolism have higher mortality rates than other cases. Otherwise, mortality amongst elective cases were dependent on many factors.

Keywords

• Colorectal cancer
• emergency surgery
• elective surgery
• mortality