Лечащий Врач (Jun 2025)
Herpetic infections in humans: modern approaches to etiopathogenetic therapy
Abstract
Background. Viruses of the Herpesviridae family are DNA-containing viruses prone to latent lifelong persistence in various tissues of the body after primary infection. According to WHO, 64% of people in the world under the age of 50 are infected with the herpes simplex virus type I (HSV-1), and 13% are carriers of the herpes simplex virus type II (HSV-2). Such prevalence, as well as the diversity of clinical manifestations of the pathology they cause, emphasizes the importance of this topic for doctors of various specialties.Objective. The purpose of the article is to increase the awareness of general practitioners about the immunopathogenesis of herpesvirus reactions, as well as to characterize the place of interferons in etiopathogenetic therapy.Results. There are 8 types of human herpes virus, which are characterized by clinical manifestations of varying severity. One of the important components of the complex antiviral defense system for herpesvirus infections are interferons. Therapy for herpesvirus infections is aimed at limiting the extent of the lesion, preventing disease progression, preventing complications and generalization of the process, as well as accelerating recovery and preventing relapses. These effects are achieved by reducing the replicative activity of the virus, since its complete elimination from the body is currently not possible. An important role is given to the use of indirect-acting drugs, among which the leading place is occupied by type I interferon drugs, which have a combined etiotropic (suppression of virus replication) and pathogenetic (restoration of functions of various parts of the immune system impaired by the virus) effect.Conclusion. A representative of this group of drugs is a drug of human recombinant IFN-α-2b, produced in the form of rectal suppositories and dosage forms for local use (gel, ointment). The available evidence base for the use of a drug of human recombinant IFN-α-2b in herpes infections of various localizations, the studied pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics allow us to recommend it for use in infections caused by human herpes virus, for which there are no antiviral chemotherapy drugs with proven efficacy, including the combined use of both its various dosage forms and a combination with direct-acting antiviral drugs.
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