Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases (Oct 2022)

IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON OUTCOMES OF PATIENTS WITH HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCIES: A MULTI-CENTER, RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

  • İbrahim Halil Açar,
  • Sebnem Izmir Güner ,
  • Muzeyyen Aslaner Ak,
  • Mesut Gocer,
  • Erman Ozturk ,
  • Figen Atalay,
  • Gulden Sincan ,
  • Aysun Senturk Yikilmaz,
  • Omer Ekinci,
  • Idris Ince,
  • Emine Gulturk ,
  • Nazli Demir,
  • Ali Dogan,
  • Yildiz Ipek,
  • Birol Guvenc

Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 1

Abstract

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Objectives: Patients with hematologic malignancies have a high risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mortality. This study aimed to investigate the impact of COVID-19 on mortality rates in patients with various hematologic malignancies and to determine risk factors associated with all-cause mortality. Methods: A multi-center, observational retrospective analysis of patients with hematologic malignancies infected with COVID-19 between July 2020 and December 2021 was performed. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, and laboratory parameters were recorded. Patients were grouped as non-survivors and survivors. All-cause mortality was the primary outcome of the study. Results: There were 569 patients with a median age of 59 years. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma (22.0%) and multiple myelomas (18.1%) were the two most frequent hematologic malignancies. The all-cause mortality rate was 29.3%. The highest mortality rates were seen in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (44.3%), acute lymphoid leukemia (40.5%), and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (36.8%). The non-survivors were significantly older (p<0.001) and had more comorbidities (p<0.05). There were significantly more patients with low lymphocyte percentage (p<0.001), thrombocytopenia (p<0.001), and high CRP (p<0.001) in the non-survived patients. Cardiac comorbidities, (p=0.016), cytotoxic chemotherapy (p=0.024), low lymphocyte percentage (p=0.025), thrombocytopenia (p<0.0001), and high CRP values (p=0.017) were the independent risk factors for the prediction of mortality. Conclusions: In patients with hematologic malignancies, coexistent COVID-19 leads to a higher mortality rate in elderly patients with more comorbidities. Acute myeloid and lymphoid leukemia and non-Hodgkin lymphoma have the highest mortality rates. Cardiac diseases, cytotoxic chemotherapy, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and high CRP are the independent risk factors for mortality in hematologic malignancy patients with COVID-19. Keywords: Covid; Hematologic Malignancy; Cytotoxic chemotherapy.

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