Clinical profile in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and a recessive plakophilin-2 gene mutation

Abstract

Objective: Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is not an uncommon cause of cardiac morbidity in Kashmir valley. This study was designed to document various clinical features and to sequence exons 11 and 12 of plakophilin 2 (PKP2) gene in these patients. Methods: ACM patients who attended cardiology outpatient department of our institute from January 2014 to April 2015 were included in the study. Their records were reviewed. Controls were randomly selected, who had no history or family history of cardiac illness and had a normal cardiac examination. A blood sample was also taken from both the groups for sequencing of exon 11 and 12 of PKP2 gene. ACM patients were followed up until July 2016. Results: Eleven ACM patients and seven controls were included in the study. Most common mode of presentation was ventricular tachycardia (VT). Two patients had left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. One patient had a splice site mutation in exon 12 of PKP2 gene and one patient died during follow-up. One of the controls had an intronic variation that has no pathogenic significance vis-à-vis ACM. Conclusion: Our study describes various clinical parameters in ACM patients and a recessive plakophilin 2 mutation after a limited PKP2 gene sequencing. Keywords: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia, Plakophilin 2 gene, Splice site mutation, Ventricular tachycardia