Морфологія (Jan 2007)
Spatial characteristics of angioarchitecture of the mammalian gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts.
Abstract
In the review the evidence about structural components of microcirculation system in the gallbladder wall and extrahepatic bile ducts in different mammalians have been analyzed and summarized. The study of microangioarchitectonics in gallbladder and bile ducts had been a subject of great number of scientific works, based on various methods. With the advent of scanning electron microscopy more profound exploration of vascular plexuses has became possible. Actual evidence about gallbladder vasculature concerns of the following: gallbladder wall supplied by the vessels of the first, the second and the third orders, that are branching in a network of subepithelial capillaries. Capillaries are more numerous in the areas corresponded to mucosa folds. Thus, in submucosal layer there have been formed the calyx-shaped capillary structures which together with venous and lymphatic components of the wall have made optimal conditions for bile components absorption during cyclic body functioning. The system of the vessels of bile ducts has been organized by the general rule: the external layer of the vessels contains arterioles and venules which gave rise to a capillary plexus of the internal layer. Respecting the absence of local blood supply regulation mechanism, this blood supply schema is able to provide conditions not only for absorption substances from bile, but also to serve for unloading liver vessels in the cases of portal hypertension. Scientific literature analysis has revealed actual general directions of the further microcirculation vessels studying in the structure of gallbladder wall and extrahepatic bile ducts at pathological processes development.
