Lobular Capillary Haemangioma in the Anterior Maxillary Gingiva of a Six-year-old Patient: A Case Report

Abstract

Haemangiomas are benign proliferative tumours with vascular tissue origin. These neoplasms are recognised as benign tumours commonly found in infancy, characterised by a period of rapid growth accompanied by proliferation of endothelial cells, followed by gradual involution. The male to female ratio is observed to be 3:1, with a predominant impact on the female population, particularly during the early stages of their second decade of life. The diameter of the lesion spans from a few millimeters to several centimeters, with rare instances exceeding 2.5 cm. The present case report details the occurrence of Lobular Capillary Haemangioma (LCH) in a young male patient of six years, who exhibited gingival overgrowth in the anterior maxillary region. The patient presented with symptoms of discomfort during mastication, occlusal interference, and excessive hemorrhage during oral hygiene practices. Due to the lesion’s extensive blood supply and the confirmation of the diagnosis in the histology report, it was surgically removed in a single session while the patient was under conscious anaesthesia. The patient underwent a thorough six-month follow-up examination, which demonstrated a favourable outcome with no evidence of lesion recurrence. Although haemangiomas are prevalent soft tissue tumours in the head and neck region, they are infrequently found in the oral cavity and rarely encountered by doctors. Intraoral haemangiomas most commonly occur in the lips, tongue, buccal mucosa, and palate. However, this case report describes a rare occurrence in the maxillary anterior site, which has limited documentation. The treatment involved the use of monopolar cautery, which effectively reduced bleeding at the surgical site after the use of a scalpel. The purpose of present case report is to report an unusual case of a benign tumour occurring in the anterior maxillary region, which was diagnosed as LCH.

Keywords

• infancy
• paediatric surgery
• pyogenic granuloma
• rare tumour