Морфологія (Dec 2019)
Peculiarities of expression of metalloproteinases in testicular germ cell tumors.
Abstract
Background. Increasing of the testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT)incidence in combination with the young age of the patients attaches to this problem high medical and social importance. Objective. The aim of investigation was to establish peculiaritiesof MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 expression in testicular postpubertal-type yolk sac tumor (YSTPT), postpubertal-type teratoma (TPT), spermatocytic tumor (ST) and teratoma with somatic-type malignancy (TSTM). Methods. YSTPT, TPT, ST and TSTM as well as medical histories of patientswere studied. All TGCTwere divided into groups according to the pTNM classification of WHO. Using antibodies to MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9 and TIMP-1 the state of extracellular matrix was investigated. Statistical data processing was performed using the statistical package "STATISTICA 13.3 EN trial version".Results. It is proved that MMP are involved in carcinogenesis starting with the early stages of tumor progression.A more expressive expression of MMP in YSTPT indicates its inclination for an aggressive course. It was identified that in patients with YSTPT and TPT who had vascular invasion, lymphogenous and distant metastases the relative area (S) and intensity (L) of expression of all investigated MMP (with the exception of S of MMP-3) were significantly higher than in patients without these signs of tumor aggressiveness. In ST the S of MMP-1 expression was lower than that in YSTPT and TPT, while the S of MMP-3 expression, on the contrary, was higher than the corresponding index in TPT, and was at the same level with the YSTPT. L of MMP-3 expression was at the border of moderate values.S of MMP-9 expression was greater than that in YSTPT and TPT, and its L was at a high level. In TSTM of group «4» S of MMP-1, MMP-3 and MMP-9 expression was higher (p<0,001) than in TSTM of group «1». In all investigated TGCT reaction with TIMP-1 was negative. Conclusion. In YSTPT and TPT at transition from the initial to the late stages of tumorous progression increasing of MMP synthesis, as well as a complete absence of TIMP-1 expression were detected. Increasing of MMP expression leads to the development of vascular invasion, as well as lymphogenous and distant metastases. Parameters of MMP expression may be independent factors in prognosis of metastasis and progression of TGCT.
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