Risk factors for perinatal loss - reality or fiction?

Abstract

Aim: to identify factors predisposing to perinatal losses, assessment of which is available at the first (only) visit of pregnant woman in antenatal clinic.Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of 964 women who performed delivery in 2009-2019 in 15 obstetric facilities was carried out. The patients were divided into 2 groups: the main group included 457 women with perinatal losses (stillbirth - 328 children, and 129 children with early neonatal death); the control group consisted of 507 women, whose children survived 7 days during postnatal period. We analyzed parameters routinely determined by an obstetrician-gynecologist at the first visit of woman during within ongoing pregnancy (regardless of gestation age), namely, social status, anamnesis, data of initial examination.Results. The following significant differences were revealed in pregnant women from the main group: a younger age of pregnancy; no registered marriage and permanent job as well as primary and secondary education; smoking, alcohol and drug use; concurrent diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disorders, blood contact infections, obesity; older menarche age and younger sexual debut age; medical history contains infectious genital pathology, more often pregnancies and childbirths, two or more abortions before repeated childbirth, premature births.Conclusion. Thus, the anamnestic indicators noted above can be used to create prognostic statistical systems and models to determine high risk of perinatal losses of any nature.

Keywords

• perinatal mortality
• pregnancy
• menarche
• obesity
• premature birth
• stillbirth
• marriage
• smoking
• prognosis