The impact of bloodmeal and geographic region on the richness, diversity, and function of internal microbial community in Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis from the Qinghai province, China
Shuo Jiang,
Ming Kang,
Zengkui Li,
Xiaoling Han,
Changjiang Chen,
Shunfu He,
Xiaoyu Hu,
Yongcai He,
Yuezhong Wang,
Zhongyu Li,
Jiyong Chen,
Pengcheng Geng,
Qiang Chen,
Jinghua Ma,
Xiao Zhang,
Ximei Tai,
Ying Li
Affiliations
Shuo Jiang
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Ming Kang
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Zengkui Li
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Xiaoling Han
Qinghai National Park Research, Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Xining, 810008, Qinghai, China
Changjiang Chen
Huangyuan Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Shunfu He
Xining Wildlife Park, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Xiaoyu Hu
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Yongcai He
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Yuezhong Wang
Huangnan Prefecture Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Tongren, 811300, Qinghai, China
Zhongyu Li
Qinghai Xunhua Salar Autonomous County Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Haidong, 811100, Qinghai, China
Jiyong Chen
Yushu Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Yushu, 815099, Qinghai, China
Pengcheng Geng
Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture Animal Epidemic Disease Prevention Control Center, Golog, 814000, Qinghai, China
Qiang Chen
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Jinghua Ma
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Xiao Zhang
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Ximei Tai
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China
Ying Li
Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China; Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogen Diagnosis for Animal Diseases and Green Technical Research for Prevention and Control, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China; Corresponding author. Qinghai University State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Xining, 810016, Qinghai, China.
Background: Ticks are ectoparasites that feed on blood and pose a threat to both the livestock industry and public health due to their ability to transmit pathogens through biting. However, the impact of factors such as bloodmeal and geographic regions on the bacterial microbiota of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis remains poorly understood. Methods: In this study, we used the v3-v4 region of the 16S rRNA gene to sequence the microbiota of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis from eight groups (HY_M, YS_M, XH_M, LD_M, BM_M, LD_F_F, LD_F, and BM_F_F) in Qinghai Province. Results: Significant differences in bacterial richness were observed between LD_F_F, BM_F_F, and LD_F (P < 0.01), and among the five groups (HY_M, YS_M, XH_M, BM_M, and LD_M) (P < 0.05). The bacterial diversity also differed significantly between LD_F_F, LD_F, and BM_F_F (P < 0.01), as well as among the five groups (HY_M, YS_M, XH_M, LD_M, and BM_M) (P < 0.01). The group with the highest number of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) was LD_F, accounting for 23.93 % (419/1751), while BM_F_F accounted for at least 0.80 % (14/1751). At the phylum level, Firmicutes was the most abundant, with relative abundance ranging from 7.44 % to 96.62 %. At the genus level, Staphylococcus had the highest abundance, ranging from 1.67 % to 97.53 %. The endosymbiotic bacteria Coxiella and Rickettsia were predominantly enriched in LD_F_F. Additionally, the 16S gene of Coxiella showed the highest identity of 99.07 % with Coxiella sp. isolated from Xinxiang hl9 (MG9066 71.1), while the 16S gene of Rickettsia had 100 % identity with Candidatus Rickettsia hongyuanensis strains (OK 662395.1). Functional predictions for the prokaryotic microbial community indicated that the main functional categories were Metabolic, Genetic information processing, and Environmental information processing across the eight groups. Conclusion: This study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of tick-borne diseases, which is of great significance for public health.
