Primary treatment of diabetic macular edema

Abstract

Tushar M Ranchod, Stuart L FineScheie Eye Institute, Department, of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USAAbstract: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of vision loss in older Americans. Thermal laser treatment remains the mainstay of treatment for DME. Recently, alternative primary treatments for DME have been evaluated. These treatments include intravitreal injections of steroids as well as pharmaceuticals containing antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Surgical treatment has been shown to be appropriate in selected cases. We review the evidence and scientific rationale for various primary treatment options in patients with DME. Regular and timely ophthalmologic evaluation remains crucial to recognition and treatment of macular edema in diabetic patients. Keywords: diabetic macular edema, vision loss, diabetes mellitus

Keywords

• Diabetic retinopathy
• diabetic macular edema
• clinically significant macular edema
• focal laser
• triamcinolone acetonide
• bevacizumab
• ranibizumab
• pegaptanib