Multi-frequency sound energy harvesting using Helmholtz resonators with irradiated cross-linked polypropylene ferroelectret films
Chao Song,
Jinfeng Zhao,
Xingchen Ma,
Mi Zhang,
Weitao Yuan,
Fan Yang,
Zefeng Wang,
Xiaoqing Zhang,
Yongdong Pan
Affiliations
Chao Song
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Jinfeng Zhao
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Xingchen Ma
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Mi Zhang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Weitao Yuan
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Fan Yang
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Zefeng Wang
College of Information Engineering, Huzhou University, 759 East 2nd Road, 313002 Huzhou, China
Xiaoqing Zhang
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Special Artificial Microstructure Materials and Technology, School of Physics Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Yongdong Pan
School of Aerospace Engineering and Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, 100 Zhangwu Road, 200092 Shanghai, China
Harvesting multi-frequency sound energy from environmental noise is a meaningful topic to supply energy for potential devices. In this work, we constructed an array of Helmholtz resonators (HRs) with cross-linked polypropylene (IXPP) ferroelectret films on the inner walls of HR cavities, whose resonant frequencies range from 300 to 800 Hz and quasi-static piezoelectric coefficient d33 is 230 pC/N. The energy harvesting performance of IXPP films is investigated, both theoretically and experimentally, in a single HR with various sizes, showing the high energy conversion capability close to the resonant frequencies of HRs, e.g., 337, 375, 445, 522, 588, 661, 739, 782, and 795 Hz, in the experiment. By putting one, two, three, and four samples of nine different sized HRs in series connection in order, we measured the average output power of 3.16, 5.31, 7.36, and 8.66 nW at the resonant frequencies. It shows that the output power of IXPP films has been significantly improved at multiple frequencies by series connection of IXPP films. In parallel, the optimal electrical resistance increases in a quasilinear way compared to the number of HRs. These results are helpful for designing efficient sound energy harvesters in the broadband frequency range.
