L’étalement urbain au péril des activités agro-pastorales à Abidjan.

Abstract

Rapid urbanization leads to challenges in housing and food access for all the international community and particularly in developing countries. In Abidjan, the developments of Yopougon municipality and population increase have caused significant pressure on agricultural lands and represent a danger for agriculture in the surrounding villages. The present study aims at highlighting the influence of urban spread on agro-pastoral activities in the district of Yopougon. A cartographic approach and a socio anthropologic approach were used. Observations and individual interviews were made with 93 agricultural actors. Agricultural activities were observed on three principal sites : Lokoa, Béago and Azito. Between 2004 and 2007, approximately 41 % of the agricultural surface was occupied by settlements. Total variation of surface due to settlements was 40 % at Azito, 18 % at Lokoa and 8 % at Béago. Some pastoral and cattle parks were joined by the city and were moved to other geographical positions. For 94 % of agricultural actors in the studied site, agriculture was the principal source of income and land insecurity remained the principal concern of the farmers. The urban sprawl of the municipality of Yopougon contributes to a strong reduction of agricultural surface. It makes agricultural actors vulnerable as it is their only source of income.

Keywords

• Urban agriculture
• Urbanization
• Yopougon
• Demographic pressure
• Land insecurity