Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research (Jun 2020)

Antimicrobial resistant and virulence genes profiles of some Gram-negative bacteria from clinical isolates at Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

  • Tanko Nuhu,
  • Eugene Ong Boon Beng,
  • Rebecca Olajumoke Bolaji,
  • Tolulope Adebola Olayinka,
  • Busayo Olalekan Olayinka,
  • Mohammed Yahaya

DOI
https://doi.org/10.26444/jpccr/123793
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 14, no. 2
pp. 52 – 57

Abstract

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Introduction and objective Infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae are an ongoing global threat in their management. The aim of the study was to investigate the antiimicrobial resistance (AMR) and virulence gene profiles of MDR Gram-negative isolates in Sokoto, north-west Nigeria. Material and methods A total of 578 clinical samples were collected from patients. Suspected Gram-negative bacteria were isolated from these clinical samples: vaginal swab, pus, stool, blood, wound swab and urine, using Gram-staining and conventional biochemical reactions. These isolates were further identified with an identification kit (Microgen-GN-A), and tested against a panel of 11 antibiotics. A single polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay targeting 13 virulence gene related to adhesion ( fim H, pap C, and sfa S), iron chelation ( iut A, and fyu A), toxins ( ast A, stx 1, stx 2, and eae A), biofilm ( bss S), and serum resistance ( tra T, iss , and kaps MTII) encoding genes were evaluated. Results A total of 276 Gram-negative isolates were identified using the Gram stain and biochemical reactions. These organisms were further confirmed with identification kit. Of the 276 isolates, 36 organisms of interest (23 Escherichia coli , 4 Klebsiella pneumoniae and 9 Proteus mirabilis ) were identified. Other Gram-negative isolates accounted for the remaining 86.9%. The majority of the isolates were resistant to cefixime (100%) and partially resistant to amikacin (19.4%).The virulence genes bssS (58.3%), fim H (44.4%), and iut A (44.4%) were the most prevalent, whereas kaps MTII (5.6%) and stx 2 (2.8%) were least detected, while ast A was not detected in any of the isolates. Conclusions The study elucidated the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Gram-negative bacteria from clinical isolates in Sokoto, north-western Nigeria. The majority of the isolates were MDR, thereby posing a public health risk.

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