PLoS ONE (Jan 2023)

Sex-based differences in long-term outcomes after stroke: A meta-analysis.

  • Xiumei Guo,
  • Yu Xiong,
  • Xinyue Huang,
  • Zhigang Pan,
  • Xiaodong Kang,
  • Chunhui Chen,
  • Jianfeng Zhou,
  • Hanlin Zheng,
  • Yuping Chen,
  • Weipeng Hu,
  • Lingxing Wang,
  • Feng Zheng

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0283204
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 18, no. 4
p. e0283204

Abstract

Read online

BackgroundThere is limited data on sex-related disparities in the long-term outcomes after stroke. We aim to investigate whether there are sex-based differences in long-term outcomes using pooled data.MethodsThree databases (PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library) were systematically searched from inception to July 2022. This meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the recommendations and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. The modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the risk of bias. In addition, a random-effects model was used.ResultsTwenty-two cohort studies with 84538 patients were included. There were 50.2% men and 49.8% women. Women had a higher mortality at 1 (odds ration [OR], 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI][0.69, 0.99], P = 0.03) and 10 (OR 0.72, 95% CI[0.65, 0.79], P ConclusionIn this meta-analysis, the 1- and 10-year mortality and stroke recurrence rates were higher in female patients than in male patients after stroke. In addition, females tended to experience less favorable outcomes in the first year after stroke. Finally, further long-term studies on sex disparities in stroke prevention, care, and management are warranted to explore the opportunities to reduce this gap.