Modern aspects of anesthesia during surgical interventions for necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns.

Abstract

Introduction Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most com- mon serious acquired diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, both in full-term and premature infants, and is as- sociated with a high risk of complications and high mor- tality. Anesthetic management for necrotizing enterocol- itis in newborns during surgery is a complex task and is still relevant. Purpose of the study: Optimization of anes- thesia during surgery in newborns for necrotizing entero- colitis. Material and methods The study was carried out at the Research Institute of Pe- diatrics named after. K. Farajeva. The paper presents the results of treatment of 118 patients based on the assess- ment of clinical indicators of preoperative preparation, anesthesiological care, and the study of central hemody- namics in newborns operated on for necrotizing entero- colitis. Newborns were divided into 2 groups depending on the method of anesthesia used: group I with general anesthesia and group II with general anesthesia using caudal anesthesia. Results Results showed that effective interruption of nociceptive impulses from the surgical site through caudal blockade and sufficient sedation can prevent pronounced activa- tion of the body's neurohumoral reactions to surgical stress under conditions of balanced regional anesthesia, and it was also revealed that the modern muscle relaxant rocuronium bromide allows the concept of multicompo- nent anesthesia to be implemented, causing complete re- laxation of the striated muscles during surgery, which helps to effectively block pathological reactions in re- sponse to surgical stress.

Keywords

• necrotizing enterocolitis of newborns
• general anesthe- sia