A dual-functional flexible sensor based on defects-free Co-doped ZnO nanorods decorated with CoO clusters towards pH and glucose monitoring of fruit juices and human fluids

Abstract

Highlights Low-temperatures growth of defect-free CoO/Co-doped ZnO heterostructure. Doping lowered ND on non-active sites, ɸB, and Rct at ZnO/electrolyte interface. CoO prevent corrosion, increase active sites and enhance ultimate tensile strength. Obtained high sensitivity 52 mV/pH for pH and 4656 µM mM−1 cm−2 for glucose sensors Both potentiometric and amperometric mechanism of the heterostructure is proposed.

Keywords

• CoO/Co-doped ZnO heterostructure
• Defect states
• Flat band potential
• Flexible pH and glucose sensor
• Human fluids
• Fruit juices