Incidence of Extramedullary Myeloma in Multiple Myeloma Patients

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Extramedullary myeloma (EMM) is defined by the presence of plasma cells outside the bone marrow in a patient with multiple myeloma (MM). More using sensitive imaging techniques, EMM may be found in up to 30% of MM patients across the overall disease course. We also aimed to investigate the frequency of EMM in MM patients in our clinic. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma in our clinic between January 2010 and August 2018 were examined retrospectively and the frequency of extramedullary myeloma was determined. EMM was divided into two groups as those with and without EMM. Factors that could be effective on these two groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 67 patients who were taken to work, 37 were male, 30 were female and the mean age was 59.9 +- 11.2. Extramedullary myeloma was detected in 31 patients (46.3%). Of these patients, 28 (41.8%) patients are associated bone plasmacytoma, 4 (6%) patients are showed extramedullary disease. The most common bone-related plasmacytoma is the vertebrae, while extramedullary disease is most commonly seen in the lung. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Extramedullary myeloma ratios were higher in our patient population than in the literature.

Keywords

• multipl myeloma
• extramedullary disease
• bone-related plasmacytoma