Revista Brasileira de Educação Física e Esporte : RBEFE (Jun 2010)
Habilidades especializadas do tênis: um estudo de intervenção na iniciação esportiva com crianças escolares Tennis specialized skills: a beginning sport intervention study with school children
Abstract
O objetivo desta pesquisa, de delineamento quase-experimental e correlacional, foi verificar a influência de um Programa de Iniciação ao Tênis (PIT) com duas abordagens, Clássica (AC) e de Contexto Motivacional para a Maestria (AM), no desempenho de habilidades motoras especializadas do Tênis (HMET) e investigar as associações entre o desenvolvimento das habilidades especializadas e as fundamentais. Participaram do estudo 61 crianças (29 meninas e 32 meninos), com idades de seis a 12 anos (M = 9,4), sendo 30 crianças da AC e 31 crianças da AM. Para as avaliações das crianças foram utilizados o Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) e o instrumento de Habilidades Motoras Especializadas do Tênis (HMET). O PIT foi desenvolvido em 26 semanas, implementando, para a AM os pressupostos da estrutura TARGET e do Sport Education Model e para a AC os modelos clássicos de aprendizagem do Tênis. Os resultados indicaram que 1) mudanças positivas e significantes (p The purpose of the present study, with a quasi-experimental and correlational design, was to verify the influence of a Beginning Tennis Program (BTP) with two approaches - the Classical approach (CA) and the Mastery Motivational Climate approach (MA) - on the development of specialized tennis motor skills (STMS) and the associations between the specialized skills and fundamental skills. The participantes were 61 children (29 girls and 32 boys), aged 6-12 yr. (M = 9.4). Thirty children were submitted to the CA and 31 to the MA. The children were assessed using the Test of Gross Motor Development-2 (TGMD-2) and the Specialized Tennis Motor Skills instrument. The BTP was carried out in 26 weeks and implemented for MA the assumptions of the TARGET structure and the Sport Education Model, and for CA the classical models for tennis learning. Results indicated that 1) all children showed positive and significant changes (p < 0.01) in STMS; 2) there was a non significant interaction of age group (p = 0.519) and gender (p = 0.24) on STMS; 3) a restrict association in the post test between locomotor skills and specialized skills for the Mastery group. The implementation of a Beginning Tennis Program based on effective methodological proposals that are suitable for the participants' real needs fosters motor gains that reinforce children development
