PENGEMBANGAN TES DIAGNOSTIK MATA PELAJARAN IPA SMP

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengembangkan tes diagnostik pada materi mata pelajaran IPA SMP. Tahapan penelitian meliputi penyusunan tes dan penentuan penggunaan acuan kriteria atau norma, serta analisis validitas dan reliabilitas. Penyusunan tes me-liputi (1) penentuan tujuan; (2) penyusunan kisi-kisi; (3) penulisan butir soal; (4) telaah soal diikuti revisi; (5) uji coba soal; (6) analisis dan interpretasi; (7) perakitan soal; (8) implementasi/uji coba. Ber-dasarkan kriteria validitas isi dan konstruk diperolah 29 butir soal yang baik, dengan indeks reliabilitas sebesar 0,814. Distribusi capaian hasil belajar menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 14,67% siswa mendapat skor penguasaan di atas 65%, dan 85,33% siswa mem-peroleh skor penguasaan di bawah 65%. Lebih rinci capaian hasil belajar pada dimensi pengetahuan faktual 53,87%; konseptual 51,40%; prosedural 49,87%; metakognitif 49,80%; dengan rata-rata 51,23%. Jika acuan batas pencapaian 65% maka penguasaan siswa masih berada di bawah batas pencapaian minimal dan mengalami kesulitan belajar.Kata kunci: tes diagnostik, IPA SMP, dimensi pengetahuan ______________________________________________________________ DEVELOPING DIAGNOSTIC TESTS FOR THE NATURAL SCIENCE SUBJECT IN JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL Abstract This study aims to develop a diagnostic test on the natural science subject in junior high school. The stages of the study include the preparation of the test and the determination of the use of reference criteria or norms, as well as the validity and reliability analysis. Preparation of the test includes: (1) setting goals, (2) the preparing the blue print test, (3) writing about the items, (4) analyzing and revising the test (5) trying out the test, (6) analyzing and interpreting the test, (7) assembling the problem, (8) imple-menting or testing. Based on the criteria of content and constructs validity 29 items were obtained, with a reliability index of 0.814. Distribution achievement of learning outcomes shows that 14.67% of students got mastery over 65%, and 85.33% of students got mastery below 65%. In more details, the learners’ achievement of factual knowledge was: 53.87%; conceptual: 51.40%; procedural: 49.87%; metacognitive: 49.80%, with average: 51.23%. If the passing grade for achievement is 65%; then students’ mastery is still below the minimum achievement and they have learning difficulties. Keywords: diagnostic tests, science subject, dimensions of knowledge