Assessing the social burden of tuberculosis and trends in TB targets: A focus on sustainable development goals

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a serious public health issue that is linked to social burden and unfavourable health outcomes. With regards to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) targets, this study evaluated the social burden endured by patients and analyzed catastrophic costs, and measured TB incidence and death rates. Methods: Cross sectional study, with 312 TB patients registered with the National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme (NTEP) were studied. Social burden, direct and indirect costs, and catastrophic costs were evaluated. TB incidence and death rates are calculated. Results: The majority of participants (70.8%) were men and married. Patients in substantial numbers reported losing their jobs and having limited access to community events. While divorcees, older age groups, and women were more likely to experience direct catastrophic costs, men and 33–44 years age group were more likely to experience indirect catastrophic costs. The overall catastrophic expenses exceeding 20% of income were observed in male patients, those over 55 years, and patients from nuclear families. The TB incidence rate decreased by 1.8% between 2017 and 2019, with a substantial reduction among males but an alarming increase among females. The death rate experienced a slight rise of 0.27%, with higher rates observed in females compared to males. Conclusion: Persistent social stigma and the presence of catastrophic costs associated with tuberculosis remain prevalent issues. A multifaceted approach, including enhancing access to healthcare services, implementing awareness campaigns aimed at reducing stigma, expanding TB control and prevention programs is needed. Government interventions aimed at alleviating financial burdens are crucial.

Keywords

• Social burden
• Tuberculosis
• Sustainable development goals
• Incidence
• Fatality