The implementation of the two-channel principle in fiber-optic information-measuring systems

Abstract

Background. To improve the accuracy of advanced fiber-optic information and measurement systems used in the harsh conditions of rocket and space and aviation technology, it is advisable to use the invariance method, which is based on the principle of multichannel using at least two channels for receiving and converting signals, designed in such a way that joint signal processing in the electronic path leads to interference compensation, reduction of additional errors due to the influence of external influencing factors (climatic, mechanical, etc.), changes in the supply voltage, bends of optical fibers. It is necessary to identify the conditions that ensure the division of the light flux in the miro-opto-mechanical system of fiber-optic sensors into at least two independent streams, the conversion of which is carried out independently in two measuring channels, as well as to determine the structure of an invariant fiber-optic information and measurement system that implements the principle of multichannel. The purpose of the work is to substantiate and implement the principle of spatial two-channel communication in fiber-optic information and measurement systems to reduce additional errors under the influence of external influencing factors. Materials and methods. A theory is presented that develops the principle of two-channel communication, including the necessary and sufficient conditions for its physical implementation in invariant fiber-optic information and measurement systems. A two-channel spatial transformation of optical signals directly in the measurement zone is proposed by dividing one light flux into two using special schemes for the arrangement of optical fibers at the ends of fiberoptic cables and optical-modulating elements, the measurement transformations of which are carried out independently in the first and second measurement channels. Results. An invariant fiber-optic information and measurement system has been developed that implements the principle of spatial two-channel transmission by converting two independent light streams from a single radiation source, which improves its technical and operational characteristics when operating under conditions characteristic of rocket-space and aviation equipment products. Conclusions. The two-channel principle in fiber-optic information and measurement systems made it possible to reduce additional measurement errors due to the influence of external influencing factors inherent in rocket and space and aviation technology by 1.5–2 times when implementing logometric or amplitude-phase conversion.

Keywords

• two-channel principle
• invariance
• fiber-optic information and measurement system
• sensor
• measuring converter
• conversion
• luminous flux